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Facts taught in 2017

452 sincere fact claims from 2017; 250 come with figures. Each figure is shown as said, with what it measures, who it counts (for) and where it applies (in) when recorded (said, or clear from the context), its as-of date, the source the speaker gives (if any) and the extraction-time check. Where no as-of date was said, the one shown is implied (the date said in the video, else the upload date); relative dates such as "last year" keep their words and are resolved against that same date. "Unchecked" means nobody has checked it yet, not that it is wrong. Back to the overview.

Topics: US politics & society (136) · Science & nature (84) · Global development (46) · Health (40) · History & curiosities (34) · Economics (32) · Nerdfighteria (19) · Everyday life (16) · Internet & YouTube (10) · Personal life (10) · Pop culture (10) · Books & writing (9) · Philosophy & meaning (6)

US politics & society (136)

  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — John reports that on Friday afternoon President Trump signed an executive order reshaping US immigration law, causing confusion, even within government, about whom it affects. (00:00:01)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — John says the order bans for 90 days all immigrant and non-immigrant entry by citizens of seven nations, naming Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen. (00:00:17)
    • 90 (days) — duration of the entry ban · for citizens of the seven listed nations · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • seven (countries) — number of nations covered by the entry ban · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — The seven nations seem to have been chosen because 2015 and 2016 laws signed by President Obama required their residents to get a visa to visit the US. — hedged: “seem to” (00:00:29)
    • 2015 and 2016 — years of the laws requiring visas for residents of these countries · for residents of the seven countries · in United States · as of 2017-01-31 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — The order says citizens of those nations can't enter the US even with a visa, with a few exceptions for diplomats. (00:00:39)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — An Iranian professor at Yale, a well-known opponent of the Iranian regime, won't be allowed to re-enter the US if she leaves. (00:00:45)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — A doctor abroad battling a polio outbreak was denied entry to the US despite his visa. (00:00:53)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — The order is hard to parse even within government: on Sunday Trump's chief of staff said it does not apply to green card holders, then in the same interview that it does. (00:01:16)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — After much confusion and emergency lawsuits, it now appears that permanent residents will not be subject to the ban. — hedged: “it now appears” (00:01:39)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — It is unclear whether the order applies to dual citizens, such as a Canadian citizen born in Somalia like Canada's immigration minister. (00:01:44)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — No foreign national from any of the seven countries has ever killed an American in a terrorist attack. (00:02:02)
    • no (people) — Americans killed in terrorist attacks by foreign nationals of the seven countries · for foreign nationals of the seven countries · in United States · as of 2017-01-31 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Terrorism in the US since 9/11 has been exceedingly rare: in the past decade American civilians were more likely to die by lightning strike than by terrorism. (00:02:10)
    • more likely to die by lightning strike than terrorism — risk of death by lightning strike compared with terrorism · for American civilians · in United States · as of past · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Most attacks that do happen in the US are carried out by American citizens or permanent residents and would not be prevented by the order. (00:02:20)
    • most — share of US terrorist attacks carried out by American citizens or permanent residents · for attacks in the US · in United States · as of 2017-01-31 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Concerns about the ban don't fall along left-right lines: the very conservative Cato Institute said it has little national security benefit. (00:02:44)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Many, though by no means all, Republican members of Congress and senators agree. (00:02:56)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — John McCain and Lindsey Graham said in a statement that the ban may be remembered as a self-inflicted wound in the fight against terrorism. (00:03:00)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — In 2011 the Obama administration dramatically slowed refugee applications from Iraq for six months, an oft-cited precedent that John says is very different. (00:03:13)
    • six (months) — duration of the slowdown of refugee applications · for refugee applicants from Iraq · in United States · as of 2011 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Trump is suspending all refugee admissions to the US from all countries for 120 days and all refugee resettlement from Syria indefinitely. (00:03:24)
    • 120 (days) — duration of the suspension of refugee admissions · for refugees from all countries · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — John says the refugee suspension appears to include people already vetted, approved and given visas, which he calls very different from the earlier Iraq slowdown. — hedged: “appears” (00:03:33)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Contrary to claims that Syrian refugees are not vetted, the process includes many background checks and interviews and often takes more than two years. (00:03:40)
    • more than two years — duration of US refugee vetting · for Syrian refugees · in United States · as of 2017-01-31 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — The order prioritizes claims based on religious persecution, which Trump says means prioritizing Christians, though the order doesn't say so and it may not be legal. (00:03:54)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Last year (2016) the US accepted about 39,000 Muslim refugees, about 37,500 Christian ones and 8,500 people of other or no faith. (00:04:10)
    • about 39,000 (people) — refugees accepted · for Muslim refugees · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
    • about 37,500 (people) — refugees accepted · for Christian refugees · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
    • 8,500 (people) — refugees accepted · for refugees of other or no faith · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Vetted Muslim refugees cannot get in, but neither can Christian or Buddhist refugees for at least 120 days, nor interpreters who served with US forces in Iraq, since no refugees are being admitted. (00:04:20)
    • at least 120 days — duration of the ban on refugee admission · for Christian and Buddhist refugees · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Most refugees resettled in the US in 2015 were Burmese, not Syrian. (00:04:46)
    • most — share of refugees resettled in the US who were Burmese · for refugees resettled in the US · in United States · as of 2015 · no source named · doubtful
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Trump says the order will make the US safer and has secret information John lacks, but these policies would not have prevented a single US terror fatality in the last 40 years. (00:05:16)
    • wouldn't have prevented a single (fatalities) — US terror fatalities the order's policies would have prevented · for US terror victims · in United States · as of last · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — The order states that the US cannot and should not admit those who do not support the Constitution. (00:05:31)
  • 2017-01-31 · Understanding Trump's Executive Order on Immigration — Because the order bars 'benefits' to citizens of affected nations, people apparently cannot seek asylum, violating the Immigration and Nationality Act, which an executive order cannot override. — hedged: “it does not appear” (00:05:56)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John notes that the study behind his crime claim found an association, not causation, between refugee resettlement and lower crime rates. (video description)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John adds that, in general, immigrants in the United States commit crimes at a lower rate than native-born people. (video description)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John calls the question of whether immigration reduces wages very hotly contested, but says refugees entering the US are more thoroughly vetted and more likely to be highly educated, so they almost certainly do not decrease wages. — hedged: “almost certainly” (video description)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John cites the Brookings Institution's claim that immigrant workers on average increase Americans' opportunities and incomes, while other studies find large influxes of immigrants depress wages for some low-skilled workers. (video description)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John clarifies that Saw Kyar Aye's family is not Rohingya, most of whom are Muslims, but Christians of Chin ethnicity, and that Chin people have frequently been targets of forced labour. (video description)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says conditions for forced labour in Burma are horrible and it remains a problem despite the country's steps toward democracy in the past decade. (00:00:22)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says beatings by soldiers are common and deserters have been executed. (00:00:30)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says persecution of religious and ethnic minorities is also common in Burma, and Saw Kyar Aye is both: a Christian and a member of the ethnic Chin minority. (00:00:33)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says refugee bureaucracy is dizzying: many layers of vetting, only a tiny fraction ever approved for resettlement, and approval comes at any time as a one-time offer. (00:01:09)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says more than 13,000 Burmese refugees now live in Indianapolis. (00:01:51)
    • more than 13,000 (people) — Burmese refugees living in the city · for Burmese refugees · in Indianapolis · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says refugee resettlement has not increased US crime rates in Indianapolis or elsewhere and is in fact associated with community crime rates dropping (sources below). (00:02:08)
    • has not increased — effect of refugee resettlement on crime rates · for communities receiving refugees · in Indianapolis and elsewhere in the United States · as of 2017-03-07 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • associated with community crime rates dropping — association of refugee resettlement with crime rates · for communities receiving refugees · in United States · as of 2017-03-07 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says there is little evidence that refugee resettlement negatively affects employment or wages. (00:02:17)
    • little evidence — negative effect of refugee resettlement on employment or wages · for workers in receiving communities · in United States · as of 2017-03-07 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says an executive order then halted all refugee resettlement into the United States for at least 120 days. (00:03:00)
    • at least 120 days — duration of the halt on refugee resettlement · for refugees · in United States · as of 2017 · source: Executive Order 13769 · unchecked
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says a court ruled much of the executive order invalid, and days later Thet Thet and Saw Kyar Min flew to New York and then Indianapolis. (00:03:23)
  • 2017-03-07 · Hoping for an Airport Reunion: One Refugee Family's Story — John says that yesterday a new blanket ban on refugee resettlement was announced for at least 120 days, so many families told to expect reunions will now have to wait. (00:04:08)
    • at least 120 days — duration of the new halt on refugee resettlement · for refugees · in United States · as of 2017-03-06 · source: Executive Order 13780 · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank notes that sources give different totals for the cuts because they count differently: some leave mandatory spending out, since it can increase but there is no way to stop it from increasing. (video description)
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says Trump's proposed budget leaves untouched programs like Medicare, Medicaid, unemployment and Social Security; these and other mandatory spending take up 73% of the US budget. (00:00:06)
    • 73% (percent) — mandatory spending share of the federal budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says US discretionary spending is $1.064 trillion, shown as 1,064 blocks of a billion dollars each. (00:00:20)
    • one trillion 64 billion dollars (USD) — federal discretionary spending · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank lists today's discretionary budget in billion-dollar blocks: military about 590 (more than half), HHS 84, Veterans Affairs 75, Education 68, HUD 47, Homeland Security 41, State and aid 38, Energy 30, Agriculture 23, NASA 20, Transportation 18, Labor 12. (00:00:36)
    • 590 (billion USD) — military discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 84 (billion USD) — Health and Human Services discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 75 (billion USD) — Veterans Affairs discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 68 (billion USD) — Education discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 47 (billion USD) — Housing and Urban Development discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 41 (billion USD) — Homeland Security discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 38 (billion USD) — State Department and international aid discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 30 (billion USD) — Energy discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 23 (billion USD) — Agriculture discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 20 (billion USD) — NASA discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 18 (billion USD) — Transportation discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 12 (billion USD) — Labor discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank adds Treasury (like the IRS) at 12 blocks, Commerce 9, the EPA 8 and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting half a block. (00:00:57)
    • 12 (billion USD) — Treasury discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 9 (billion USD) — Commerce discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 8 (billion USD) — EPA discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • half a block (billion USD) — Corporation for Public Broadcasting budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says the Trump budget raises the military by 52 blocks, a 10% increase, enough to pay the entire current budgets of the EPA, CPB, Transportation and NASA. (00:01:14)
    • 52 (billion USD) — proposed increase in military discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 10% (percent) — proposed increase in military discretionary budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says the military money would enlarge the Army and Marines, add jet fighters and warships, and, in the budget's words, accelerate the war against ISIS. (00:01:26)
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says Veterans Affairs gets four and a half more blocks, earmarked for health care programs. (00:01:36)
    • Four and a half (billion USD) — proposed increase in Veterans Affairs budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says Homeland Security grows by about three blocks, mostly for border control: one and a half for detaining and removing undocumented immigrants, two and a half as a down payment on a 'big, beautiful wall', offset by counter-terrorism cuts. (00:01:39)
    • about three (billion USD) — proposed increase in Homeland Security budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • A full block and a half (billion USD) — proposed funding for detention and removal of undocumented immigrants · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • Two and a half (billion USD) — proposed down payment for a border wall · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says 13 blocks would come out of Health and Human Services, including the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program and six blocks from the NIH's biomedical research, one of the world's largest research funders. — hedged: “basically” (00:02:04)
    • 13 (billion USD) — proposed cut to Health and Human Services budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • six (billion USD) — proposed cut to NIH biomedical research budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says 11 blocks would be cut from the State Department: international aid largely gone, UN climate change initiatives defunded and US contributions to UN peacekeeping reduced. (00:02:21)
    • 11 (billion USD) — proposed cut to State Department budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says Education loses more than nine blocks, ending college scholarships for the poor, federal work-study and before- and after-school programs, while $1.5 billion goes to a private school voucher program. (00:02:31)
    • more than nine (billion USD) — proposed cut to Department of Education budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • $1.5 billion (USD) — proposed funding for a private school voucher program · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says almost five blocks come out of Agriculture programs, including international food aid, rural development and conservation funding. (00:02:45)
    • Almost five (billion USD) — proposed cut to Department of Agriculture budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says more than four blocks are cut from Housing and Urban Development, including funding for Meals on Wheels, affordable housing and anti-poverty programs. (00:02:52)
    • More than 4 (billion USD) — proposed cut to Housing and Urban Development budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says the EPA loses 2.5 blocks, 30% of its budget, the hardest hit of any agency by percent; 3,200 jobs and 50 agencies would go, plus Clean Power Plan funding. (00:02:58)
    • 2.5 (billion USD) — proposed cut to EPA budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 30% (percent) — proposed cut to EPA budget as share of its budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 3,200 (jobs) — EPA jobs eliminated under the proposal · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 50 (agencies) — EPA agencies eliminated under the proposal · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · doubtful
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says the Labor Department loses two and a half blocks, mostly job programs for seniors, poor young people and the unemployed. (00:03:12)
    • Two and a half (billion USD) — proposed cut to Labor Department budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says $1.7 billion is taken from Energy, with $1.4 billion moved internally to managing the nuclear weapons arsenal and cuts to advanced clean energy technology programs. (00:03:19)
    • 1.7 billion (USD) — proposed cut to Department of Energy budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • $1.4 billion (USD) — Department of Energy funding moved to nuclear weapons management · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says Interior loses a block and a half that supports wildlife refuges, national heritage areas and new federally protected land. (00:03:33)
    • a block and a half (billion USD) — proposed cut to Department of the Interior budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says one block comes out of Justice, mostly because prison populations are decreasing, which he calls good news all around. (00:03:41)
    • One block (billion USD) — proposed cut to Department of Justice budget · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-17 · Trump's Budget Explained — Hank says NASA gets a small cut, almost entirely from the parts that study Earth's climate. (00:03:47)
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — Citing the Kaiser Foundation, John breaks down where Americans get health insurance: about 6% through the ACA exchanges, 49% through employers, 20% Medicaid, 14% Medicare, and 9% uninsured. (video description)
    • 49% (percent) — share of Americans insured through their or their family's employer · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 20% (percent) — share of Americans insured through Medicaid · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 14% (percent) — share of Americans insured through Medicare · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John notes Medicare for All would lower overall US health care costs but cause a lot of job loss, possibly as many as two million jobs. — hedged: “possibly” (video description)
    • as many as two million (jobs) — jobs possibly lost under Medicare for All · for United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — Citing the Congressional Budget Office, John says even modest cuts to insurance subsidies, like those in the GOP repeal and replace of the ACA, would leave tens of millions without coverage. (video description)
    • tens of millions (people) — people who would lose coverage under the GOP repeal and replace · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says only about 6% of Americans get their insurance through the Obamacare exchanges, by far the smallest slice of the US health insurance pie. (00:00:09)
    • six percent — share of Americans insured through the Obamacare exchanges · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John explains that health insurance takes money from healthy people to buy care for sick people, through private premiums or public taxes; the US has both. (00:00:38)
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says almost everyone over 65 is in Medicare, many veterans in a similar Veterans Administration pool, and many low-income and disabled Americans in Medicaid. (00:00:55)
    • 65 (years) — age above which almost everyone is in Medicare · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says just over half of Americans are privately insured, mostly through employers, because large companies must offer health plans. (00:01:08)
    • just over half — share of Americans insured through private insurers · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says 9% of Americans have no health insurance; the figure has dropped a lot in five years but is still higher than in any other wealthy nation. (00:01:22)
    • nine percent — share of Americans without health insurance · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says the US spends about 18% of its economic output on health care, against an average closer to 12% among other wealthy nations, a system he calls 'bananas'. (00:01:34)
    • eighteen percent — health care spending as a share of total economic output · for United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • twelve percent — average health care spending as a share of economic output · for other wealthy nations · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says US health outcomes are poor: it trails Chile and Slovenia in life expectancy, though both spend under 10% of GDP on health care and have higher tobacco use. (00:01:44)
    • less than ten percent — health care spending as a share of GDP · for Chile and Slovenia · in Chile; Slovenia · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says the US spends more tax dollars per person on publicly funded health care than most countries, yet most people lack publicly funded care. (00:03:03)
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says only about 32% of Americans rate the health care system good or excellent, but around 70% rate their personal health care that way. (00:03:14)
    • thirty-two percent — share rating the US health care system good or excellent · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • seventy percent — share rating their personal health care good or excellent · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says Obamacare improved access but not quality or cost, spending about a trillion dollars in its first decade, offset by taxes and cuts to be deficit-neutral; fewer are uninsured at high cost. (00:03:44)
    • a trillion dollars (USD) — ACA spending · for United States · as of first decade · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says the Republican bill would have cut government health spending but cost millions their insurance (a hard sell to moderates), while its tax credits meant more spending (a hard sell to conservatives). (00:04:04)
    • millions (people) — people who would have lost insurance under the Republican bill · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says the most cited fix is single payer, Bernie Sanders's Medicare for All; studies show it would lower overall costs, probably not to European levels, through less administration, advertising and stronger price negotiation. — hedged: “probably” (00:04:40)
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says Medicare for All would also cost hundreds of thousands of jobs, many good-paying, and lower the incomes of many others, including doctors and nurses. (00:05:09)
    • hundreds of thousands (jobs) — jobs lost under Medicare for All · for United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says spending 12% of GDP on health instead of 18% would be good with similar outcomes, but 6% of the economy vanishing overnight is a recession; recovery would be fairly quick but not painless. (00:05:29)
    • six percent — share of the US economy lost if health spending fell from 18% to 12% of GDP · for United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says the US already has a single-payer system in Medicare and it is very expensive by world standards, because Americans resist the regulations and price controls needed to rein in spending. (00:05:46)
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says some on the right want to scale back or eliminate government health funding to let markets work; that might lower prices, but many millions would lose insurance. — hedged: “might” (00:06:07)
    • many millions (people) — people who would lose insurance if government health funding were cut · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-03-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-28 · Why Can't America Have a Grown-Up Healthcare Conversation? — John says decreasing regulation might lower prices but raises the risk of inadequately trained professionals and unsafe medications. — hedged: “might” (00:06:20)
  • 2017-04-04 · Why I Won't Run for Office — John says Illinois politics are so dysfunctional the state regularly has no budget, and four of its past ten governors have been imprisoned for corruption. (00:00:27)
    • four (governors) — Illinois governors imprisoned for corruption, out of the past ten · for Illinois governors · in Illinois · as of 2017-04-04 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-04-04 · Why I Won't Run for Office — John says that as a state senator Daniel led the passage of legislation to increase retirement savings and a ban on so-called conversion therapy for LGBT people. (00:00:48)
  • 2017-08-04 · Why Bullets are Good for the Environment — Hank says the Pittman-Robertson Act, an obscure but popular law named after the two senators who thought it up, was signed into law by FDR in 1937. (00:00:47)
    • 1937 (year) — year the Pittman-Robertson Act was signed into law · in United States · as of 2017-08-04 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-04 · Why Bullets are Good for the Environment — Hank explains the idea: America had much open space, unlike Europe, but was growing fast, so existing revenue from a tax on guns and bullets would go to managing wildlife and conserving land. (00:00:53)
  • 2017-08-04 · Why Bullets are Good for the Environment — Hank says that in 1937 people bought guns mainly to hunt, so the tax effectively taxed hunters to protect land for them and keep hunting from becoming a rich person's sport as in England. (00:01:14)
    • 1937 (year) — year when hunting was the main reason people bought guns and ammunition · for gun and ammunition buyers · in United States · as of 2017-08-04 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-04 · Why Bullets are Good for the Environment — Hank says guns and ammo are now bought for more reasons, and one of the biggest is fear of soon being unable to buy certain guns or ammunition at all. (00:01:34)
  • 2017-08-04 · Why Bullets are Good for the Environment — Hank says that, driven by this limited-time fear, Pittman-Robertson revenue rose during Obama's eight years from $310 million to a peak of over $800 million, giving states three times more conservation money. (00:01:55)
    • 310 million dollars (USD) — annual Pittman-Robertson revenue at the start of Obama's presidency · in United States · as of 2017-08-04 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • over 800 million dollars (USD) — peak annual Pittman-Robertson revenue during Obama's presidency · in United States · as of 2017-08-04 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • three times (ratio) — states' conservation and wildlife biology funding relative to before · for US states · in United States · as of 2017-08-04 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-04 · Why Bullets are Good for the Environment — Hank says states even had a hard time spending all the money; much went to local and national land trusts to buy land that must be open to hunters but is closed to development. (00:02:09)
  • 2017-08-04 · Why Bullets are Good for the Environment — Hank says that as Pittman-Robertson revenue has risen, the number of licensed hunters has fallen, so it protects wildlife that is hunted less and less. (00:02:22)
  • 2017-08-18 · What I've Been Thinking About — Hank says that in segregation-era Birmingham interracial marriage was illegal, black and white kids went to different schools, and racism wasn't called racism because it was just how the world was. (00:00:08)
  • 2017-08-18 · What I've Been Thinking About — Hank says racism in America is still very real: overwhelming data show it affects many facets of people's lives. (00:01:27)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — The description corrects the video: Nixon resigned before he was impeached. (video description)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — John notes Russia is a huge, diverse country of 144 million people; on election meddling he means specifically Putin and his government. (00:00:10)
    • 144 million (people) — population · in Russia · as of 2017-09-26 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Russia and the US are adversaries; Putin's regime has sought to undermine democracy worldwide and, in the US's view, invaded a sovereign nation. (00:00:19)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — DHS and the ODNI have stated with high confidence that the Russian government sought to influence the US presidential election in Trump's favour over Clinton. (00:00:50)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — They have also stated that Putin personally oversaw the operation, which John says should not be much of a surprise. (00:01:01)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — As far back as 2007 Trump said Putin was doing a great job. (00:01:16)
    • 2007 (year) — year Trump praised Putin's job performance · for Donald Trump · as of 2017-09-26 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — The Trump campaign cut proposed language supporting Ukraine in its conflict with Russia from the official Republican Party platform. (00:01:20)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Putin's regime meddled in at least three ways: a disinformation campaign of fake news stories, trying to breach election data in several states, and hacking the DNC and John Podesta's emails, released to WikiLeaks. (00:01:27)
    • at least three (ways) — methods of Russian election meddling · for 2016 US election · in United States · as of 2017-09-26 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — WikiLeaks and the Russian government deny it, but US intelligence and both Republican and Democratic members of Congress overwhelmingly agree. (00:01:44)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Benefiting from a foreign government's propaganda initiative is not a crime, but colluding with that government is, probably. — hedged: “probably” (00:02:36)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — US election law says a foreign national cannot make a contribution or donation of any thing of value in connection with a US election. (00:02:44)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — It also says no American can solicit or knowingly accept a donation or thing of value from a foreign national. (00:02:54)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Receiving damning information about an opponent from a foreign national and sharing it is probably receiving a thing of value, but not established; knowing about or arranging such help raises further questions. — hedged: “probably” (00:03:09)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Trump's one-time campaign manager Paul Manafort received around $30 million working for Oleg Deripaska, seen as one of Putin's closest business confidants. (00:03:37)
    • around $30 million (USD) — payments to Paul Manafort for working for Oleg Deripaska · for Paul Manafort · as of 2017-09-26 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Early Trump adviser Michael Caputo had worked on a Russian campaign to improve Putin's image among Americans. (00:03:46)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Attorney General Jeff Sessions had to recuse himself from the Russia investigation after his undisclosed meetings with Russian ambassador Sergei Kislyak were revealed. (00:03:51)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Michael Flynn, Trump's first national security adviser, failed to disclose payments from an arm of the Russian government, which is illegal for former military officers. (00:04:00)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Flynn talked several times to Kislyak during the transition, one call falling on the day the US announced new sanctions on Russia. (00:04:11)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Flynn denied discussing sanctions on that call, but there was evidence to the contrary because US intelligence routinely monitors Kislyak's calls. (00:04:25)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — The day after learning Flynn had lied about discussing sanctions, Trump asked FBI Director James Comey for loyalty. (00:04:42)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — The day after Flynn resigned, Trump asked Comey to drop the Flynn investigation altogether. (00:04:50)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — FBI directors serve a 10-year term partly so they stay above party politics and are not beholden to one leader. (00:05:03)
    • 10-year — term of office of FBI directors · in United States · as of 2017-09-26 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Some have argued it amounts to obstruction of justice, which John says is the charge Richard Nixon was eventually impeached for. (00:05:14)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Months later Trump fired Comey; the White House first cited his handling of the Clinton email case, then Trump acknowledged it was mostly about the Russia collusion investigation. (00:05:20)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — If firing Comey was meant to end the investigation it failed: days later the Justice Department appointed special counsel Robert Mueller to look into collusion. (00:05:35)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Mueller is reportedly working with at least two grand juries to decide who, if anyone, should be charged. (00:05:50)
    • at least two (grand juries) — grand juries working with special counsel Mueller · in United States · as of 2017-09-26 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — The most serious evidence of collusion so far is a meeting with a Kremlin-connected Russian lawyer attended by Donald Trump Jr., Paul Manafort and Jared Kushner. (00:05:58)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Trump Jr. was emailed that the lawyer had incriminating information on Clinton as part of Russia's government support for Trump, and replied 'if it's what you say, I love it'. (00:06:09)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — The meeting stayed secret for over a year until The New York Times reported it in July 2017. (00:06:39)
    • over a year — time the Trump Tower meeting stayed secret · in United States · as of 2017-07 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Trump Jr. first said the meeting was about adoption, then a day later that it was about Clinton but the lawyer had no meaningful information. (00:06:46)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Even so, some legal scholars think the meeting itself was illegal, depending on the definitions of soliciting and thing of value. (00:06:54)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Kushner failed to mention this and several other meetings with Russian officials on his initial security clearance application. (00:07:02)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Kushner also apparently asked the Russian government for a back channel to Moscow that US intelligence couldn't hear. — hedged: “apparently” (00:07:08)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Much of this is suspicious: Trump Jr., Kushner, Manafort and Flynn have all been caught lying about their contacts with the Russian government. (00:07:17)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Trump's behaviour toward Russia has been strange: as president he met Putin privately without a US interpreter, which is extremely unusual. (00:07:38)
  • 2017-09-26 · Trump and Russia: An Introduction to What We Know (and What We Don't) — Trump has gone to great lengths not to criticise Putin and refused to publicly acknowledge or condemn the interference. (00:07:48)
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says the simplest system is a head tax, everyone paying the same amount: about $12,000 a year each would pay the entire federal budget. — hedged: “like” (00:00:35)
    • twelve thousand dollars (USD) — annual per-person head tax needed to fund the federal budget · for every person in the US · in United States · as of 2017-11-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says that for a flat tax on individual income to fund the government, everyone would have to pay 50%, a little more in fact. (00:01:21)
    • 50% (percent) — flat income tax rate needed to fund the federal government · for individual earners · in United States · as of 2017-11-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says the US tax code taxes value, not money: a car received for work is income, which matters when payment includes company stock. (00:01:47)
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says much US money is made by corporations, most of which are currently taxed like people: a gain in his businesses' accounts is taxed as his own income. (00:02:13)
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says taxing only ordinary income misses capital gains, buying something that rises in value and selling it, mostly real estate and stocks. (00:03:09)
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says the government uses the code to encourage behaviour: credits for retirement saving, school and health-care saving, and mortgage write-offs for homeownership. (00:04:27)
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says the code has fairness provisions: a graduate student might earn about $10,000 a year in actual money while receiving tuition deferment. — hedged: “might make like” (00:04:45)
    • $10,000 (USD) — annual actual income of a graduate student · for graduate students · in United States · as of 2017-11-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-17 · Why Are Taxes So Complicated? (The Musical?) — Hank says the value of deferred tuition, perhaps $35,000, is technically income, but because taxing it would be a huge burden on graduate students it is not counted, at least at the moment; what Congress is planning, he says, is not this discussion. — hedged: “like” (00:05:00)
    • $35,000 (USD) — value of a graduate student's tuition deferment · for graduate students · in United States · as of 2017-11-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked

Science & nature (84)

  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — The description says Lake Powell was part of the Colorado River Storage Project, meant to store flood-time water for use in dry times. (video description)
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says the storage project has worked, letting many people live and farm in arid parts of the Southwest, and Lake Powell is also a pretty, cool lake many people enjoy recreationally. (video description)
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says Lake Powell is not natural: it is the reservoir formed by Glen Canyon Dam and the second largest man-made lake in America. (00:00:08)
    • second largest — size rank among man-made lakes · in United States · as of 2017-03-24 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says that until the 1960s dams were a big win, especially in the arid Southwest: man-made lakes stocked with bass gave easy recreation to millions of people. (00:00:49)
    • millions — people given recreation by man-made lakes · in Southwest United States · as of 1960s · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says the water pressure behind tall dams like Glen Canyon Dam is harnessed for energy: at peak enough to power two million homes without carbon dioxide emissions. (00:01:09)
    • two million (homes) — homes powered at peak by Glen Canyon Dam · in Glen Canyon Dam · as of 2017-03-24 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says the Colorado River is a temperamental beast whose flow varies season to season and year to year, so Southwest states needed a stable water source and flood protection to grow. (00:01:19)
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says Hoover Dam created Lake Mead in the 1930s; later three large storage sites were proposed: Echo Park (flooding parts of Dinosaur National Monument), Bridge Canyon (parts of the Grand Canyon) and Glen Canyon. (00:01:40)
    • 1930s — date Hoover Dam created Lake Mead · in Lake Mead · as of 2017-03-24 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says the Sierra Club's fight with the Department of the Interior over these dams is environmental legend, which he encourages viewers to read about; Bridge Canyon and Echo Park were spared, and Lake Powell was the price. (00:01:58)
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says much of Lake Powell's water is lost to evaporation, water that might otherwise reach the sea and nourish the Gulf of California's delta. — hedged: “maybe” (00:02:44)
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says the Colorado River now almost always runs dry before reaching the sea and has met the ocean just once in the last twenty years. (00:02:52)
    • just once — times the Colorado River reached the ocean · for Colorado River · in Gulf of California · as of last twenty years (resolved: 1997–2017, from the upload date 2017-03-24) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says sediment is filling the canyons and the area behind the dam: in 100 to 150 years it will clog the outflow valves and end power generation, and in 700 years, without intervention, the reservoir will be full of mud. (00:03:02)
    • 100-150 (years) — time until sediment clogs the outflow valves · for Glen Canyon Dam · in Lake Powell · as of 2017-03-24 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 700 (years) — time until the reservoir completely fills with mud · for Lake Powell · as of 2017-03-24 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says drought has brought the reservoir down to just 50% of capacity, with fears it will get much worse. (00:03:22)
    • 50% (percent) — reservoir level as share of capacity · for Lake Powell · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says a worse problem is a dam exceeding 100% of capacity, as this year (2017) when the Oroville Dam nearly failed as its spillway began to wash away. (00:03:28)
    • 100% (percent) — reservoir level at which a dam is at risk · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-24 · I Disagree with Me (Thoughts from Lake Powell) — Hank says it happened at Glen Canyon in 1983: huge rains upstream kept Lake Powell rising with all valves open, and the spillway washed out a 30-foot-deep, 80-foot-wide hole in the dam's bedrock. (00:03:39)
    • 1983 (year) — year of the Glen Canyon Dam spillway crisis · in Glen Canyon Dam · as of 2017-03-24 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 30-foot (feet) — depth of the hole washed out by the spillway · in Glen Canyon Dam · as of 1983 · no source named · unchecked
    • 80-foot (feet) — width of the hole washed out by the spillway · in Glen Canyon Dam · as of 1983 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank reports that the United States is pulling out of the Paris climate agreement. (00:00:01)
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank explains that 350 million years ago plants turned atmospheric CO2 into oxygen and carbohydrates; buried, heated and squashed, they became energy-dense hydrocarbons, fossil fuels. (00:00:17)
    • 350 million years ago — origin of the plants that became fossil fuels · for Earth · as of 2017-06-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank dates his timeline from 1882, when Thomas Edison built the first centralized coal-fired power plant, though coal was used long before. (00:00:38)
    • 1882 (year) — year of the first centralized coal-fired power plant · as of 2017-06-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says for the next 100 years fossil fuels brought tremendous growth and quality of life, mainly in Europe and America, where most were burned; then the benefits spread. (00:00:49)
    • 100 years — period of fossil-fuel-driven growth concentrated in Europe and America · in Europe and America · as of 2017-06-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank explains that CO2 locked in fossil fuels is being re-released; it lets visible light through but traps infrared, adding energy to atmosphere and oceans and changing the climate. (00:01:03)
    • billions of years — time CO2 was locked up in fossil fuels · as of 2017-06-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · doubtful
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says in 2015, 270 countries met in Paris with the goal of keeping average warming below 2 degrees Celsius, since otherwise it would be really bad for everyone. (00:01:42)
    • 270 (countries) — countries meeting in Paris for the climate agreement · in Paris · as of 2015 · no source named · doubtful
    • 2 degrees Celsius (degrees_C) — target ceiling for average global warming · for Earth · as of 2015 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says no one country can handle climate change: even the biggest contributors, the US and China, together make up less than half the emissions; everyone must agree. (00:01:54)
    • less than half (share) — combined share of the US and China in global emissions · in United States and China · as of 2017-06-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank explains that with scientists' advice countries set how fast emissions must stop to meet the two-degree goal, then divided responsibility by development, population and emissions; every country had an unenforced goal. (00:02:40)
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says some countries that benefited from a century of carbon emissions added billions of dollars to help others grow with less reliance on fossil fuels. (00:03:02)
    • billions of dollars (USD) — climate aid pledged by wealthy countries to less-developed countries · for wealthy countries · as of 2017-06-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says each country chose its own path to its goal: energy efficiency, subsidizing renewables, regulating business, education, or ending fossil fuel subsidies. (00:03:15)
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says nothing happens if countries miss their targets: there are no penalties. (00:03:30)
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says more than 600 million people live in areas threatened by sea level rise. (00:04:09)
    • more than 600 million (people) — people living in areas threatened by sea level rise · for world population · in the world · as of 2017-06-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says thanks to efficiency, changing habits and a shift from coal to gas and renewables, the US was until recently on target to cut emissions 26% from 2005 by 2025, already down around 14%. (00:04:28)
    • 26% (percent) — US Paris target for emissions reduction from 2005 levels · for United States · as of 2025 · no source named · unchecked
    • 14% (percent) — US emissions reduction achieved so far · for United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says other countries are pledging to move forward without the US, and several US states with the largest economies plan to abide by the agreement. (00:05:02)
  • 2017-06-02 · The Paris Accord: What is it? And What Does it All Mean? — Hank says without the US, which emits 18% of the world's greenhouse gases with 4% of its population, the agreement is considerably weakened. (00:05:12)
    • 18% (percent) — US share of world greenhouse gas emissions · for United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 4% (percent) — US share of world population · for United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — The description notes that many factors, such as income, location, race and medical history, likely affect age of death as much as or more than current age. — hedged: “likely” (video description)
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says average life expectancy tells you little about when an individual will die: a change in child mortality moves it far more than a change in elderly mortality. (video description)
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says that since people are supposed to die, a better measure, which Australia uses, is Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL). (video description)
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says the US has a surprisingly bad YPLL because of suicides, drug overdoses, homicide and car accidents. (video description)
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says life expectancy, an imperfect surrogate for a population's overall health, is simply the average age at which a person in our country will die. — hedged: “Kind of” (00:00:07)
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says the life expectancy of the average man in the US is 76, but his own is 78. (00:00:30)
    • 76 (years) — life expectancy · for average man · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 78 (years) — life expectancy · for Hank Green (age 37) · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says the average person dies at 76, but the average 76-year-old dies at 86, and the average 86-year-old at 91. (00:00:46)
    • 76 (years) — average age at death · for average person · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 86 (years) — average age at death · for average 76-year-old · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 91 (years) — average age at death · for average 86-year-old · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says Thomas Frank of College Info Geek, 26, has a life expectancy of 77 against Hank's 78, because some people die between 26 and 37 and Hank, at 37, no longer can. (00:00:56)
    • 77 (years) — life expectancy · for Thomas Frank (age 26) · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 78 (years) — life expectancy · for Hank Green (age 37) · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says not until age 114 do you have a better than average chance of dying in the next 365 days, though earlier years carry such odds over a thousand days, so most never reach 114. (00:01:57)
    • 114 (years) — age at which the chance of dying within a year exceeds even · for people of all ages · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says statistically everybody can expect at least one more year, but at 114 you have a more than 50% chance of not reaching 115. (00:02:15)
    • more than 50% (percent) — chance of not reaching age 115 · for 114-year-olds · in United States · as of 2017-06-16 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says life expectancy is a snapshot of current death rates at every age, not a measure of when you will die, because death rates change over time. (00:02:27)
  • 2017-06-16 · When Will You Die? — Hank says life expectancy for a 25-year-old in 1960 was about 70, but that population of 25-year-olds ended up dying on average significantly after 70. (00:02:44)
    • about 70 (years) — life expectancy · for 25-year-olds · in United States · as of 1960 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — The description adds that people have collected trilobites for at least tens of thousands of years, as they appear in Native American burial mounds. (video description)
    • at least tens of thousands (years) — span of human collecting of trilobites · for people · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — The description says a trilobite genus first found in China is named Han, after the dynasty, and its one species known from a single fossil is named Han Solo. (video description)
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — The extinction event that wiped out the last trilobites, covered on Eons, wiped out 90% of the species on Earth. (video description)
    • 90% — share of species wiped out · for the extinction event that ended the trilobites · in Earth · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Trilobites emerged around 500 million years ago, in the Cambrian Explosion when life grew more complex, and were the first true arthropods. — hedged: “around” (00:00:42)
    • 500 million-ish (years) — time since trilobites emerged · for trilobites · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Arthropods, the segmented exoskeleton-covered animals like spiders, butterflies, millipedes and crabs, now make up three quarters of the world's species. (00:00:52)
    • three-quarters — share of the world's species · for arthropods · in the world · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Hank says horseshoe crabs share some family resemblance with trilobites and some species coexisted with them (the conclusion of the sentence is unclear). (00:01:08)
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — The last trilobites went extinct around 250 million years ago, but they were extremely successful, lasting 270 million years. — hedged: “around” (00:01:16)
    • 250 million (years) — time since the last trilobites went extinct · for trilobites · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 270 million (years) — span of existence · for trilobites · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — By comparison, primates have existed for around 50 million years, so 'we have a lot of catching up to do'. — hedged: “around” (00:01:26)
    • 50 million (years) — span of existence · for primates · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Trilobite fossils have been found on every continent and over 15,000 species described. (00:01:31)
    • over 15,000 (species) — described species · for trilobites · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Most trilobite fossils are not dead animals but shed exoskeletons, since arthropods must molt to grow; they still let scientists date and identify species. (00:01:41)
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Trilobites were probably so successful because of strong exoskeletons, jointed legs and, a big deal, the first complex eyes. — hedged: “probably” (00:02:13)
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Some trilobite eyes had thousands of individual lenses made of calcite: they grew crystals in their eyes. (00:02:25)
    • thousands (lenses) — individual lenses in an eye · for some trilobites · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — Unlike human lenses, which change shape to focus, rigid rock lenses cannot, and they distort unless given very specific shapes, a problem 17th-century astronomers faced. (00:02:40)
    • 17th (century) — when astronomers faced lens distortion · for astronomers · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-30 · Eyes Made of Crystal? - Trilobites are Bizarre — In the 1600s Huygens and Descartes devised lens shapes fixing this; the trilobites Crozonaspis and Dalmanitina had matching eye-lens shapes, keeping near and far objects in focus with less distortion. (00:02:55)
    • 1600s (decade) — when the corrective lens shapes were devised · for two astronomers (Huygens, Descartes) · as of 2017-06-30 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-04 · Civil Twilight — John says the first half hour or so after sunset is called civil twilight because some governments consider it legally still daytime. — hedged: “or so” (00:00:05)
    • half hour — duration of civil twilight after sunset · as of 2017-07-04 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-04 · Civil Twilight — Centuries ago nighttime burglary was often punished more severely than daytime burglary, so criminals sometimes sought lesser sentences by claiming they robbed during civil twilight. (00:00:14)
  • 2017-07-04 · Civil Twilight — Sunlight is scattered by molecules in the atmosphere; at sunset it travels through more atmosphere, so much of the blue and purple is scattered away before reaching us. (00:01:46)
  • 2017-09-01 · What Everyone Gets Wrong About Global Warming — Plotting major storms per year over the last 50 years, Hank says most years had two, some five, four or zero, and 2005, the year Katrina hit New Orleans, had seven. (00:00:34)
    • two (storms) — major storms formed per year, most common count over the last 50 years · for hurricane seasons · as of 2017-09-01 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • seven (storms) — major storms formed in the 2005 season · for hurricane seasons · as of 2005 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-01 · What Everyone Gets Wrong About Global Warming — Hank says each season's curve collapses into a dot: last year (2016) four major storms, then two, two again and zero, which he insists is not a trend. (00:01:18)
    • four (storms) — major storms in the season (last year) · for hurricane seasons · as of 2017-09-01 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • two (storms) — major storms in the season (the year before last) · for hurricane seasons · as of 2017-09-01 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • two again (storms) — major storms in the season (three years ago) · for hurricane seasons · as of 2017-09-01 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • zero (storms) — major storms in the season (four years ago) · for hurricane seasons · as of 2017-09-01 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Humans have selectively bred plants since agriculture began, producing some fantastic transformations. (00:00:17)
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Surprisingly small records: the largest apple ever weighed only four pounds and the largest potato only eight. (00:00:55)
    • four (pounds) — weight of the largest apple ever grown · for apples · in the world · as of 2017-10-06 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • eight (pounds) — weight of the largest potato ever grown · for potatoes · in the world · as of 2017-10-06 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Lebanese farmer Khalil Semhat grew a 25-pound sweet potato. (00:01:03)
    • 25 (pounds) — weight of the largest sweet potato · for sweet potatoes · in Lebanon · as of 2017-10-06 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — In 1998 Alaskan farmer and mechanical engineer John Evans grew the largest cabbage ever, over 76 pounds. (00:01:10)
    • over 76 (pounds) — weight of the largest cabbage ever grown · for cabbages · in Alaska · as of 1998 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Evans also held the largest-carrot record until this year (2017), when Minnesotan Chris Qualley took it with a 22-pound carrot. (00:01:17)
    • 22 (pounds) — weight of the world's largest carrot · for carrots · in Minnesota · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Christine McCallum grew the world's largest pineapple. (00:01:34)
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Trees and bushes often have structural trouble growing giant fruit, which is why the world's largest tomato is held up by pantyhose. (00:01:52)
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — A lemon variety, the nine-pound lemon tree, grows nine-pound lemons or more; a few grow at Epcot in Orlando, where Hank thinks the 15-pound record lemon was harvested. — hedged: “I think” (00:01:59)
    • 15 (pounds) — weight of the world's largest lemon · for lemons · in Epcot, Orlando · as of 2017-10-06 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Melons, squashes and cucumbers are gourds, which grow very big: Chris Kent's record watermelon, grown in Tennessee, weighed over 350 pounds. (00:02:21)
    • over 350 (pounds) — weight of the world's largest watermelon · for watermelons · in Tennessee · as of 2017-10-06 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — The pumpkin is the biggest fruit or vegetable, so whoever grows the largest pumpkin has grown the largest fruit. (00:02:39)
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Hank learned while researching that there are giant pumpkin festivals all over the world. (00:02:46)
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — In 2016 the record was beaten by over 300 pounds: Mathias Willemijns of Belgium grew a 2,600-pound pumpkin. (00:02:52)
    • over 300 (pounds) — margin by which the giant pumpkin record was beaten · for pumpkins · in the world · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
    • 2,600 (pounds) — weight of the world's largest pumpkin · for pumpkins · in Belgium · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-06 · The World's Largest Fruits — Giant pumpkins can be turned into canoes, and there is a pumpkin canoe race. (00:03:52)
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: All organisms on Earth are related; scientists traced this for hundreds of years through morphology and can also trace it through genetics. (00:00:16)
    • hundreds of years — how long scientists traced relatedness through morphology · as of 2017-11-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: The fossil record shows the common ancestor of dogs and cats, the miacid, a proto-carnivore. (00:00:41)
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: Every taxonomic category from domain down to species is a taxon containing multiple taxa, e.g. the order Carnivora holds canids, felids, ursids, pinnipeds and mustelids. (00:00:52)
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: A 'taxonomic island' is an order with only one family, one genus and one species, like there being only one living carnivore. (00:01:12)
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: Only two terrestrial vertebrates are alone in their order: the aardvark (order Tubulidentata) and the hoatzin (order Opisthocomiformes). — hedged: “as far as I can tell” (00:01:28)
    • two — number of terrestrial vertebrate species alone in their order · as of 2017-11-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: Aardvarks are extremely successful and roam all across Africa, but all their ancestors have gone extinct. (00:01:37)
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: Runner-up: the non-terrestrial order Coelacanthiformes has two species; coelacanths were thought extinct for 66 million years until one was found in 1938, and later another species. (00:01:51)
    • two — number of living species in the order Coelacanthiformes · as of 2017-11-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 66 million years — time coelacanths were thought to have been extinct · as of 2017-11-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 1938 (year) — year a living coelacanth was found · as of 2017-11-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: Order Rhynchocephalia holds the two tuatara species; the second was found living on only one island off New Zealand. (00:02:04)
    • two — number of species in the order Rhynchocephalia (tuatara) · as of 2017-11-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: Tuatara look like modern lizards, but their last shared ancestor with lizards and snakes lived over 150 million years ago. (00:02:17)
    • over 150 million years — time since the last common ancestor of tuatara and modern lizards and snakes · as of 2017-11-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: Instead of teeth, tuatara grow their bones up through their gums to bite and chew. (00:02:34)
  • 2017-11-10 · The Weirdest Living Animals - (With Dr. Lawrence Turtleman) — Dr. Lawrence Turtleman: The ginkgo tree takes the cake: a plant sharing only its kingdom with other plants, the only species in its division. (00:02:45)

Global development (46)

  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John grants that Cold War foreign aid was often minimally effective at reducing poverty and improving health, but says it was designed to sway governments toward capitalism or communism; aid since 1990 has been better targeted, especially in health care, and he points to an OECD research overview. (video description)
    • 1990 (year) — year since which foreign aid has been better targeted · for foreign aid · as of 2017-02-14 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — Citing The Washington Post, John repeats that less than 1% of the US federal budget goes to foreign aid, or about 1.2% if defense aid is counted. (video description)
    • 1.2 (percent) — share of the federal budget going to foreign aid, counting defense aid · for US federal budget · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says that in 1998 more than 10 million children under 5 died and over half of kids in low-income countries were not vaccinated. (00:00:22)
    • more than 10 million (children) — deaths of children under 5 per year · for children under 5 · in the world · as of 1998 · no source named · unchecked
    • Over 50% (percent) — share of children not vaccinated · for kids in low-income countries · in low-income countries · as of 1998 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says that in 1998 30% of all humans lived in absolute poverty, surviving on less than $2 a day in current US dollars. (00:00:29)
    • 30% (percent) — share of people in absolute poverty · for all humans · in the world · as of 1998 · no source named · unchecked
    • less than $2 a day (USD) — absolute poverty line · for all humans · in the world · as of 2017-02-14 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says that today 80% of kids in low-income countries are vaccinated, fewer than 10% of people live in absolute poverty, and fewer than 6 million children will die this year (2017). (00:00:36)
    • 80% (percent) — share of children vaccinated · for kids in low-income countries · in low-income countries · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • fewer than 10% (percent) — share of people in absolute poverty · for people on Earth · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • fewer than 6 million (children) — child deaths per year · for children · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says child mortality is not just falling: the rate of its fall has been accelerating for two decades. (00:00:44)
    • two decades (years) — duration of accelerating decline in child mortality · for children · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says that after very slow progress for most of the 20th century and all of human history, the cycle of poverty is suddenly breaking worldwide. (00:00:49)
    • most of the 20th century — period of very slow progress against poverty · for humans · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says this year's (2017) letter is addressed to Warren Buffett, another billionaire who has pledged almost all his wealth to charity. (00:01:13)
    • almost all (share) — share of wealth pledged to charity · for Warren Buffett · as of 2017-02-14 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John relays the letter's point that most funding for global health initiatives comes from governments, not private individuals. (00:01:18)
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says the US spent about $32 billion on foreign aid last year (2016), less than 1% of the federal budget, but it goes a long way. (00:01:24)
    • about $32 billion (USD) — US foreign aid spending per year · for US federal government · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
    • less than 1% (percent) — foreign aid share of the federal budget · for US federal government · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — Citing an In a Nutshell video, John says that when child mortality falls, families choose to have fewer children, which ultimately slows population growth. (00:01:49)
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says lower child mortality also means healthier kids more likely to go to school and parents freer to work, benefiting whole social orders. (00:01:59)
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says saving children is often inexpensive: many vaccines cost less than a dollar, and vaccination is the number one reason child mortality has declined. (00:02:15)
    • less than a dollar (USD) — cost of many vaccines · for vaccines · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says 45% of child mortality now occurs within the first month of life. (00:02:37)
    • 45% (percent) — share of child deaths within the first month of life · for children · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — John says malnutrition can stunt cognitive development as well as physical growth, compounding the disadvantages of the poorest kids. (00:02:53)
  • 2017-02-14 · Human Life Is Getting Better. Faster Than Ever Before. — Melinda French Gates (quoted): Melinda Gates, as John relays her, points out that no country in the last 50 years has emerged from poverty without expanding access to contraceptives. (00:03:18)
    • the last 50 years — period in which no country left poverty without expanding contraception access · for countries · in the world · as of 2017-02-14 (implied: upload date) · source: Melinda French Gates · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — The description cites a UNICEF statement that nearly two million children in Yemen are acutely malnourished, which puts them at higher risk of cholera and other life-threatening illnesses. (video description)
    • nearly two million (children) — children experiencing acute malnourishment · for children · in Yemen · as of 2017 · source: UNICEF · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says Vibrio cholerae causes cholera, a diarrheal disease that usually lasts only a few days but can kill very quickly via dehydration. (00:00:17)
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says a cholera pandemic about 160 years ago killed tens of millions of people, including over 150,000 Americans, among them the 11th US president, James K. Polk. (00:00:29)
    • tens of millions (people) — deaths in a cholera pandemic · for people worldwide · in the world · as of about 160 years ago (resolved: c. 1857, from the upload date 2017-08-22) · no source named · unchecked
    • over 150,000 (people) — deaths in a cholera pandemic · for Americans · in United States · as of about 160 years ago (resolved: c. 1857, from the upload date 2017-08-22) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says fear of cholera was such that Polk was first buried in a public cemetery, as infectious disease regulations dictated, not with a presidential ceremony. (00:00:38)
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says cholera could take 20 pounds of body weight via diarrhea in under a day and, depending on the strain, killed up to half of those infected. (00:00:48)
    • 20 pounds — body weight lost to cholera diarrhea · for cholera patients · as of 2017-08-22 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • under a day — time to lose 20 pounds of body weight · for cholera patients · as of 2017-08-22 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • up to half — case fatality rate of cholera, depending on strain · for people infected with cholera · as of 2017-08-22 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says that while access to clean water grows worldwide every year, Yemen was, even before its civil war began in 2015, one of the few countries where access to safe drinking water had declined since 1990. (00:01:20)
    • declined — change in access to safe drinking water since 1990 · for population of Yemen · in Yemen · as of 1990-2015 · no source named · unchecked
    • 2015 — start year of the Yemeni civil war · in Yemen · as of 2017-08-22 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says the war has displaced millions and killed more than 10,000, and thousands more have died in the worst cholera outbreak since at least 1949, when good records began. (00:01:35)
    • millions (people) — people displaced by the Yemeni civil war · for population of Yemen · in Yemen · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • more than 10,000 (people) — people killed in the Yemeni civil war · for population of Yemen · in Yemen · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • thousands (people) — deaths in the Yemen cholera outbreak · for population of Yemen · in Yemen · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • since at least 1949 — rank of the Yemen outbreak as the worst cholera outbreak on record · for world · as of 2017-08-22 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says the outbreak began after the bombing of Sana'a caused the city's sewer system to fail, and cholera has spread through most of Yemen. (00:01:49)
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John cites the World Health Organization's estimate that over 500,000 people in Yemen have been infected, about half of them children. (00:01:56)
    • over 500,000 (people) — people infected with cholera · for population of Yemen · in Yemen · as of 2017 · source: World Health Organization · unchecked
    • about half — share of cholera cases who are children · for people infected with cholera · in Yemen · as of 2017 · source: World Health Organization · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says cholera is treatable with oral rehydration solution, which is super cheap and can be made at home, but it requires clean water, scarce in parts of Yemen. (00:02:02)
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says most health workers in the hardest-hit regions have not been paid in over a year. (00:02:13)
    • over a year — time health workers have gone unpaid · for most health workers in the hardest-hit regions · in Yemen · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says malnutrition is now common among Yemeni children, lowering their resistance to infection. (00:02:18)
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John says the Yemen outbreak has so far been less deadly than many previous outbreaks, partly because of the strains of cholera involved. (00:02:23)
  • 2017-08-22 · The Causes of Cholera — John credits NGOs like Save the Children, working in extremely difficult conditions to provide oral rehydration solution, and unpaid Yemeni health workers who keep providing care. (00:02:31)
  • 2017-11-28 · Let's Talk about Money — John says the Foundation has about $125,000 in the bank, $15,000 more than a year ago, largely thanks to money made helping distribute the documentary Kedi. (00:01:04)
    • $125,000 (USD) — money in the bank · for Foundation to Decrease World Suck · as of 2017-11 · no source named · unchecked
    • $15,000 (USD) — increase in bank balance over the same time last year · for Foundation to Decrease World Suck · as of 2017-11 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-28 · Let's Talk about Money — John says the Project for Awesome has raised more than $5.8 million for charities over the past five years, and they hope to make this the best year yet. (00:02:32)
    • more than $5.8 million (USD) — money raised for charities over the past five years · for Project for Awesome · as of 2017-11-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says charitable giving is at an all-time high, even after adjusting for inflation, at least in the United States. (00:00:20)
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says there have been only 16 new cases of wild polio virus so far this year (2017), down from 37 last year (2016), while in his high-school years there were over 100,000 cases a year. (00:00:37)
    • 16 (cases) — new cases of wild poliovirus so far this year · for humans · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 37 (cases) — new cases of wild poliovirus last year · for humans · in the world · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
    • over a hundred thousand (cases/year) — polio cases per year when John was in high school · for humans · in the world · as of 2017-12-12 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — By some measures 2017 is the best year in history (not Twitter's): absolute poverty is at its lowest share, schooling and adult literacy at their highest, and cancer death rates are down globally. (00:00:48)
    • lowest it's ever been — percentage of people living in absolute poverty · for people · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • highest its ever been — percentage of kids in school · for kids · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • highest it's ever been — percentage of adults who can read · for adults · in the world · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says the world is also getting worse in ways: in the US, opiate abuse is driving a huge increase in deaths by drug overdose. (00:01:09)
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says South Sudan is experiencing the world's first official famine since 2012, and several other countries are on the brink of famine. (00:01:15)
    • 2012 (year) — year of the previous official famine · for world · as of 2017-12-12 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says horrific ethnic cleansing in Myanmar has killed many people and forced hundreds of thousands more from their homes. (00:01:21)
    • hundreds of thousands (people) — people forced from their homes by ethnic cleansing · in Myanmar · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says babies have never been as healthy or as likely to survive into adulthood as in 2017. (00:01:44)
    • 2017 (year) — year in which babies are healthiest and most likely to survive into adulthood · for babies · in the world · as of 2017-12-12 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says that in 1995, 24% of babies born in Liberia died before age five; today it is under 7%, still far too high but down by more than two-thirds in 22 years. (00:01:51)
    • 24% — share of babies dying before age five · for babies born in Liberia · in Liberia · as of 1995 · no source named · unchecked
    • under seven percent (%) — share of babies dying before age five · for babies born in Liberia · in Liberia · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • more than two-thirds — decline in under-five mortality over 22 years · for babies born in Liberia · in Liberia · as of 1995-2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says for most of human history there was no expectation that lives would get healthier or food more abundant over time, because that did not happen. (00:02:34)
  • 2017-12-12 · 2017 is the Best? — John says that in the year his mother was born Portugal's child mortality rate was about 9%; in 2017 no country on Earth will have a rate that high. (00:02:44)
    • about 9% — child mortality rate in the year John's mother was born · in Portugal · as of 2017-12-12 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-15 · Why Big Solutions Fail — Hank says a near-universal law of logistics is that the last bit of transport to a destination is by far the hardest leg; this is true in telecommunications and the circulatory system, and is called the last mile problem. (00:00:07)
  • 2017-12-15 · Why Big Solutions Fail — Hank says it takes almost as much energy and work to get something he ordered off Amazon from China to the Missoula distribution warehouse as from that warehouse to his house. (00:00:24)
  • 2017-12-15 · Why Big Solutions Fail — Hank says an item made in China has one place to go, its port; from there maybe a dozen other ports; then a few thousand warehouses or stores. — hedged: “maybe” (00:00:45)
    • a dozen or so (ports) — other ports an item can go to from its first port · for shipped goods · in the world · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • a few thousand (destinations) — warehouses or stores an item can end up in after arriving at port · for shipped goods · in the world · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-15 · Why Big Solutions Fail — Hank says a local warehouse's tens of thousands of products go to hundreds of thousands of places: for 99% of its travels an item had a few thousand possible destinations, for the last 1% hundreds of millions. (00:01:01)
    • tens of thousands (products) — products in a centralized local warehouse · for shipped goods · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • hundreds of thousands (places) — individual places a local warehouse's products go to · for shipped goods · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 99% — share of an item's travels with few possible destinations · for shipped goods · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • a few thousand (places) — possible destinations during the first 99% of travel · for shipped goods · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 1% — last share of an item's travels · for shipped goods · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • hundreds of millions (places) — possible destinations during the last 1% of travel · for shipped goods · as of 2017-12-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked

Health (40)

  • 2017-03-10 · Do I Have ADHD? — Hank explains that sensory disorders mean having a hard time dealing with information coming into your senses, or getting too much or not enough of it. — hedged: “Basically” (00:00:05)
  • 2017-03-10 · Do I Have ADHD? — Hank says seven is the average age for an ADHD diagnosis, and when he was seven attention-deficit disorders weren't diagnosed or discussed as much. (00:00:28)
    • seven years old — average age at ADHD diagnosis · for children diagnosed with ADHD · as of 2017-03-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-03-10 · Do I Have ADHD? — Hank says disorders are only classified as disorders when they are ongoing, frustrating impairments. (00:01:43)
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John cites a study of life expectancy variation within countries over time: in most rich nations, such as Canada, Germany and Australia, it has declined since 1980 while rising steadily in the US, and the highest-income Americans live very slightly longer than high-income Canadians. (video description)
    • since 1980 — trend of within-country life expectancy variation (declining in most rich nations, rising steadily in the US) · for populations of rich nations · in Canada; Germany; Australia; United States · as of 2017-05-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — Pointing to Aaron Carroll of Healthcare Triage, John explains that factors like miscarriages and newborn deaths vary life expectancy mostly between countries, not within them, and that complaints such as violence and accident rates do not explain the US geographic gap. (video description)
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says that in the US a zip code can affect life expectancy by 20 years. (00:00:17)
    • 20 years — difference in life expectancy between zip codes · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says recent research shows the gap between the healthiest and the sickest communities is getting bigger. (00:00:21)
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says life expectancy in his Indianapolis zip code is around 80, slightly above the US average; three miles north it is 83.7, three miles south 69.4. (00:00:27)
    • around 80 (years) — life expectancy · for residents of John's zip code · in Indianapolis · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 83.7 (years) — average life expectancy · for residents 3 miles north of John's house · in Indianapolis · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 69.4 (years) — average life expectancy · for residents 3 miles south of John's house · in Indianapolis · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says that on average US non-smokers live about 10 years longer than smokers. (00:00:45)
    • about 10 years — life expectancy gain of non-smokers over smokers · for non-smokers · in United States · as of 2017-05-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says people who exercise regularly live about 4.5 years longer than those who don't. (00:00:51)
    • about 4.5 years — life expectancy gain from regular exercise · for people who exercise regularly · as of 2017-05-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says living three miles north or south of his house changes life expectancy by 14 years. (00:00:55)
    • 14 years — difference in life expectancy between neighbourhoods 3 miles north and south of John's house · for residents · in Indianapolis · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says the causes are complicated: eastern Kentucky communities with life expectancy under 70 smoke more than central Colorado ones above 85, but are also poorer with fewer doctors. (00:01:44)
    • under 70 (years) — life expectancy · for eastern Kentucky communities · in Kentucky · as of 2017-05-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • over 85 (years) — life expectancy · for central Colorado communities · in Colorado · as of 2017-05-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says low life expectancy communities have less healthy food, more uninsured people and more diabetes and hypertension, while the healthiest tend to be rich with excellent health care. (00:01:58)
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says the highest life expectancy zip codes tend to have lots of physical activity, like Colorado ski resorts or wealthy California beach towns. (00:02:13)
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says growing within-country inequality of life expectancy is not the norm: it has risen steadily in the US since 1980 but declined in most other rich countries. (00:02:23)
    • since 1980 — trend of life expectancy variability (rising steadily) · for US population · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-09 · Your Neighborhood, Your Life Expectancy — John says Canada's significant decline in the gap is a main reason its overall life expectancy beats the US, though the richest 20% of Americans outlive the richest 20% of Canadians. (00:02:40)
    • 20% — life expectancy of the richest fifth, Americans higher than Canadians · for richest 20% of Americans and of Canadians · in United States; Canada · as of 2017-05-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Condoms reduce the chances of both pregnancy and disease transmission, and 'failure' could also mean a structural failure of the condom; here it means unwanted pregnancy. (00:00:23)
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Unintended pregnancy rates for birth control are given per year of use, not per act of intercourse. (00:00:57)
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — The 2% figure means that over a year of perfect, proper condom use for vaginal sex there is a 2% chance of pregnancy. (00:01:06)
    • 2% — chance of pregnancy per year of perfect condom use · for people relying only on condoms, used perfectly · as of 2017-07-21 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Such statistics are mostly meant to inform policymakers' public health decisions, not individual choices, but individuals use them as the only stats available. — hedged: “for the most part” (00:01:27)
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Per act of intercourse, using a condom cuts the odds of pregnancy about 250 times, far better than ten. — hedged: “about” (00:01:40)
    • 250 (times) — reduction in the odds of pregnancy per act of intercourse when using a condom · as of 2017-07-21 (implied: upload date) · source: Hank's own calculation · unchecked
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — The 2% chance applies anew every year: each year is a new roll of the dice. (00:02:10)
    • 2% — chance of pregnancy in any one year of perfect condom use · for people relying only on condoms, used perfectly · as of 2017-07-21 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Probabilities compound: over two years you multiply 0.98 by 0.98; perfect condom use for 10 years gives about a 20% chance of pregnancy, and over 20 years 1 in 3. — hedged: “about” (00:02:27)
    • 20% — cumulative chance of pregnancy over 10 years of perfect condom use · for people relying only on condoms, used perfectly · as of 2017-07-21 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 1 in 3 (ratio) — cumulative chance of pregnancy over 20 years of perfect condom use · for people relying only on condoms, used perfectly · as of 2017-07-21 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — With typical rather than perfect use, condoms result in pregnancy in about 20% of years in which people use only condoms. — hedged: “about” (00:02:48)
    • 20% — chance of pregnancy per year of typical condom use · for people relying only on condoms · as of 2017-07-21 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Implants and IUDs, where they suit the person, have had a really substantial impact on unwanted pregnancies worldwide and in America. (00:03:07)
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — The typical use of implants and IUDs equals their perfect use, because they always do what they are supposed to do. (00:03:17)
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Implants and IUDs are even more effective than perfect condom use. (00:03:23)
  • 2017-07-21 · On Condom Failure — Neither implants nor IUDs protect against diseases. (00:03:26)
  • 2017-08-01 · Death and How to Avoid It (...for a while) — John adds that part of the reason the death rate from falls has risen is that deaths from falls are being tracked better. (video description)
  • 2017-08-01 · Death and How to Avoid It (...for a while) — John says that between 2010 and 2014 overall US preventable deaths fell, but preventable deaths by unintentional injury rose by 23%. (00:00:53)
    • 23% — increase in preventable deaths by unintentional injury · for United States population · in United States · as of 2010-2014 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-01 · Death and How to Avoid It (...for a while) — John says deaths from falls are rising mostly because the US population is getting older and older people are far more likely to die from falling. (00:01:16)
  • 2017-08-01 · Death and How to Avoid It (...for a while) — John says in 1992 Americans were over three times likelier to be murdered than to die of an overdose; today the reverse, partly as homicide rates fell almost 40% but mostly as overdoses soared. (00:01:27)
    • more than three times (ratio) — likelihood of being murdered relative to dying of a drug overdose · for Americans · in United States · as of 1992 · no source named · unchecked
    • more than three times (ratio) — likelihood of dying of a drug overdose relative to being murdered · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • almost 40% — fall in homicide rates since 1992 · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-08-01 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-01 · Death and How to Avoid It (...for a while) — John says drug overdoses are now the leading cause of death for Americans under 50. (00:01:46)
    • the leading cause of death (rank) — rank of drug overdoses among causes of death · for Americans under the age of 50 · in United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-01 · Death and How to Avoid It (...for a while) — John says the overall death rate from car accidents has fallen a lot since 1975 with safer cars, but rose by 7% in 2015. (00:02:21)
    • 7% — rise in the overall death rate from car accidents · for United States population · in United States · as of 2015 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-01 · Death and How to Avoid It (...for a while) — John says some of the 2015 rise is probably due to more miles driven as the economy improved, but most of it is due to distracted driving. — hedged: “probably” (00:02:34)
    • most (share) — share of the 2015 rise in car-accident deaths due to distracted driving · for United States population · in United States · as of 2015 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-01 · Let's Talk About Stress! — Asked by CGP Grey how 'Cheyenne' comes to be pronounced 'shy-ann', Hank says there is probably a real reason: the word went through several rapid rounds of loanword adaptation. — hedged: “probably” (00:00:22)
  • 2017-12-01 · Let's Talk About Stress! — Hank explains loanword adaptation: speakers of one language take a word from another and modify its sounds so they can say it with their own language's sounds, as English does with 'burrito'. (00:00:31)
  • 2017-12-01 · Let's Talk About Stress! — Hank says French settlers learning about peoples of the western United States asked the Dakota about another, non-Dakota people, and the Dakota gave them their word for those people. (00:00:45)
  • 2017-12-01 · Let's Talk About Stress! — Hank says the French adapted the Dakota word into something like 'shey-en', and English then rapidly adapted it from French into the more American-sounding 'shy-an'. (00:01:00)
  • 2017-12-01 · Let's Talk About Stress! — Hank says our stress response is built for physical threats, so existential threats to our being or identity raise blood pressure and heart rate, divert resources from immunity and digestion, and make us want to fight or flee. (00:01:37)

History & curiosities (34)

  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — John calls the Pantheon the world's oldest building still in use (depending on definitions), finished around 126 CE under the Roman emperor Hadrian. — hedged: “depending on your definition of” (00:00:00)
    • 126 CE — completion date of the Pantheon · in Rome · as of 126 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — John says Hadrian's most famous statue was recently found to be a forgery: his head was put on someone else's body 1700 years after his death. (00:00:11)
    • 1700 years — time after Hadrian's death when his head was put on another body · for Hadrian's most famous statue · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — The Pantheon began as a temple to the Roman gods, became a Christian church in 609 and still is one: people have worshipped there for almost 1900 years, so long the gods changed. (00:00:21)
    • 609 — year the Pantheon became a Christian church · in Rome · as of 609 · no source named · unchecked
    • almost 1900 years — duration of worship at the Pantheon · in Rome · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — When the Pantheon was built there was no English language, and Romans ate no pizza because tomatoes reached Italy only 1500 years later. (00:00:32)
    • 1500 years — time until tomatoes came to Italy after the Pantheon was built · in Italy · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — Then a phenomenally wealthy traveller needed four days by carriage and 350 denarii, about a laborer's yearly wage, to get from Rome to Florence; today it takes about three hours by car. (00:00:41)
    • four days — travel time from Rome to Florence by carriage · for phenomenally wealthy travellers in Hadrian's time · in Rome to Florence · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 350 denarii — cost of the carriage trip from Rome to Florence · for phenomenally wealthy travellers in Hadrian's time · in Rome to Florence · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • three hours — travel time from Rome to Florence by car today · for drivers · in Rome to Florence · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • three and a half (hours) — travel time from Rome to Florence by car avoiding tolls · for drivers · in Rome to Florence · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — The Lascaux cave in southwestern France was (re)discovered in 1940 by four teenagers and a dog named Robot; it is famous for nearly 2,000 prehistoric wall paintings, including extinct animals and a bird-headed person. (00:01:01)
    • 1940 — year Lascaux was (re)discovered · in southwestern France · as of 1940 · no source named · unchecked
    • four teenagers — number of discoverers of Lascaux · in southwestern France · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • nearly 2,000 (paintings) — prehistoric wall paintings in Lascaux · in Lascaux · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — We don't know how many generations painted at Lascaux, but carbon dating and other methods show the paintings are mostly 15 to 20,000 years old. (00:01:19)
    • 15 and 20,000 years — age of most Lascaux paintings · in Lascaux · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — Cave experts found another cave full of paintings 350 kilometers away in 1996, the Chauvet Cave. (00:01:30)
    • 350 kilometers (km) — distance between Lascaux and the Chauvet Cave · in France · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 1996 — year the Chauvet Cave was found · in France · as of 1996 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — Most Chauvet paintings date from 37 to 33 thousand years ago, a few from 31 to 28 thousand, so the gap between Chauvet and Lascaux roughly equals that between Lascaux and now. (00:01:50)
    • 37 and 33 thousand years — age of most Chauvet paintings · in Chauvet Cave · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 31 to 28 thousand years — age of the second period of Chauvet paintings · in Chauvet Cave · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — The Chauvet paintings were made across thousands of years, so the cave was almost certainly used by one community for longer than we have used the Pantheon. — hedged: “almost certainly” (00:02:15)
    • thousands of years — span over which the Chauvet paintings were created · in Chauvet Cave · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-17 · How Young Is History? — Everything new around us, from broadband internet to Italian tomatoes to the Pantheon, occurred in the last 1% of human history. (00:02:56)
    • 1% (percent) — share of human history in which these developments occurred · for humans · as of 2017-01-17 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-02-17 · As Cold as The Milk: Learning Spanish with Luzu — Luzu: Luzu says 'as cold as milk' is an expression used only in Spain; even people in Latin America ask him what he means about milk. (00:00:16)
  • 2017-02-17 · As Cold as The Milk: Learning Spanish with Luzu — Hank says there are no grizzlies in town, but black bears do come into town. (00:03:17)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — John cites a study showing hunter-gatherers had less famine than agriculturalists, drawing on archaeology and analysis of human remains indicating they lived on average longer and healthier lives. (video description)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — John says the article "The Case against Civilization" inspired the video and is the source of the statistics on how much hunter-gatherers work at food acquisition and domestic labor. (video description)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — John says he leaned on Yuval Noah Harari's Sapiens for some of the theories about why cities developed. (video description)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — John adds that median US household income really is higher than ever, even after adjusting for inflation. (video description)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — For 95% of human history basically everyone was a hunter-gatherer living in a small band of maybe a few dozen people. — hedged: “basically” (00:00:06)
    • 95% (percent) — share of human history in which basically everyone was a hunter-gatherer · for humans · as of 2017-09-19 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • a few dozen (people) — size of a hunter-gatherer band · for hunter-gatherers · as of 2017-09-19 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Around 12,000 years ago communities started to grow with the advent of agriculture and domesticated livestock. (00:00:13)
    • 12,000 years ago — start of larger communities with agriculture and domesticated livestock · for humans · as of 2017-09-19 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — With agriculture one person could produce more than one person's food needs, so not everyone had to acquire food, allowing specialization of labor such as priests, scribes and soldiers. (00:00:19)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Hunter-gatherers seem to have been healthier than early agriculturalists: remains and sites show famine and starvation were much more common among early settlement dwellers. — hedged: “seem to have been” (00:00:41)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Hunter-gatherers were less likely to die in disease pandemics, since cities packed people together and livestock let diseases cross the species barrier. (00:00:52)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Early agriculture probably meant more work: studies of 20th-century hunter-gatherers show under 20 hours a week acquiring food and under 20 on domestic labor. — hedged: “probably” (00:01:05)
    • less than 20 hours per week (hours/week) — average time spent acquiring food · for members of 20th-century hunting and gathering communities · as of 20th · no source named · unchecked
    • less than 20 hours per week (hours/week) — average time spent on domestic labor · for members of 20th-century hunting and gathering communities · as of 20th · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Americans work on average 40 hours a week and spend another 36 hours a week on domestic labor. (00:01:29)
    • 40 hours a week (hours/week) — average working hours · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-09-19 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 36 hours per week (hours/week) — average time spent on domestic labor · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-09-19 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Many call agriculture a mistake; John grants that agriculture and the human-centric planet it produced have been very bad for biodiversity on Earth. (00:02:15)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — We work more than hunter-gatherers but less than at any point in the last 150 years. (00:02:48)
    • 150 years — period over which current working hours are the lowest · for humans · as of 2017-09-19 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Absolute poverty is declining dramatically. (00:02:55)
  • 2017-09-19 · Why Cities? — Median US household income is at its highest point ever. (00:02:55)
  • 2017-11-24 · The Bizarro History of Black Friday: (AND 2017 CENSUS!) — Hank says one of the first acts of the first US Congress, in 1789, was to create the Lighthouse Service. (00:00:13)
    • 1789 (year) — year the first US Congress created the Lighthouse Service · in United States · as of 2017-11-24 (implied: date said in the video) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-24 · The Bizarro History of Black Friday: (AND 2017 CENSUS!) — Hank says Black Friday is actually the day Christmas shopping begins, so companies lower prices a lot. (00:01:51)
  • 2017-12-22 · Christmas Questions Answered (With Katherine and Hank) — Asked whose idea indoor trees were, Hank and Katherine credit Germans, or rather Germanic folk, since Germany didn't exist yet. (00:00:49)
  • 2017-12-22 · Christmas Questions Answered (With Katherine and Hank) — Hank has read that people would hang trees from the ceiling. (00:01:03)
  • 2017-12-22 · Christmas Questions Answered (With Katherine and Hank) — Before trees, and among people who couldn't afford a full tree, people would just have pine boughs. (00:01:11)
  • 2017-12-22 · Christmas Questions Answered (With Katherine and Hank) — Fruitcake was traditional because fruit was special at this time of year: dried fruit soaked in booze is the closest thing to fresh fruit in midwinter. — hedged: “I think” (00:02:46)

Economics (32)

  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says the Bureau of Labor Statistics announced last week (week of 2 January 2017) that US unemployment in December was 4.7%, near its lowest in nine years and fairly near its lowest since the early 1970s. (00:00:01)
    • 4.7% — official unemployment rate · for civilian labor force · in United States · as of 2016-12 · source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · unchecked
    • nine years — period since the unemployment rate was last this low · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
    • early 1970s — last time the unemployment rate was about this low · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says people may also have heard that the 'real' US unemployment rate is 6%, 9.2%, 20% or even 38%. (00:00:14)
    • 6% — claimed 'real' unemployment rate · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 9.2% — claimed 'real' unemployment rate · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 20% — claimed 'real' unemployment rate · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 38% — claimed 'real' unemployment rate · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says the 38% figure refers to the labor force participation rate, the share of Americans over 18 working or looking for work, which fell over 20 years from over 67% to under 63%. (00:00:36)
    • 38% — figure cited as the 'real' unemployment rate (refers to labor force participation) · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 18 (years) — minimum age counted in the labor force participation rate · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · speaker error
    • over 67% — labor force participation rate, about 20 years ago · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • under 63% — labor force participation rate, now · for Americans · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says by far the biggest reason for the decline is that Americans are getting older, so a higher share have retired. (00:00:52)
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says even for people aged 25 to 54, participation has fallen about 1.5% since the Great Recession and about 3.5% since its late-1990s height. (00:01:00)
    • about 1.5% — decline in labor force participation since the Great Recession · for people aged 25 to 54 · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • about 3.5% — decline in labor force participation since its late-1990s height · for people aged 25 to 54 · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says the two biggest factors seem to be more people choosing to be full-time parents and more students in professional and graduate schools. — hedged: “seem to be” (00:01:12)
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says the latest data show 90 of the 95 million Americans not in the workforce say they don't want a job now; the other 5 million, 3% of the labor force, is still a lot. (00:01:19)
    • 90 (million) — Americans not in the workforce who say they do not want a job now · for Americans not in the workforce · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 95 million — Americans not in the workforce · for Americans · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • five million (people) — Americans not in the workforce not among those saying they do not want a job now · for Americans not in the workforce · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 3% — share of the total US labor force represented by those five million · for US labor force · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says some of the decline is probably due to lack of job opportunities: people retiring early after losing a job, or students who could be tempted into work. — hedged: “probably” (00:01:30)
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says the participation rate will keep declining as the population ages, whether the economy is good or bad. (00:01:56)
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says calling 38% the real rate implies unemployment was 41% in 1967 and never lower than 33%, in 2000. (00:02:02)
    • 41% — implied 'real' unemployment rate (non-participation) · in United States · as of 1967 · no source named · unchecked
    • 33% — implied lowest-ever 'real' unemployment rate (non-participation) · in United States · as of 2000 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says the US Census Bureau surveys 60,000 households monthly and releases six unemployment rates on the first Friday of each month, four of which matter here. (00:02:17)
    • 60,000 (households) — households surveyed each month for unemployment · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · source: United States Census Bureau · unchecked
    • six (rates) — unemployment rates released monthly · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says U3, the official number, counts adult civilians without work who looked for a job in the last four weeks, and is currently 4.7%. (00:02:30)
    • 4.7% — U3 official unemployment rate · for adult civilians · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says U4 adds discouraged workers, who stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available, raising the rate to 5%. (00:02:41)
    • 5% — U4 unemployment rate · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says U5 adds marginally attached workers, who want work but haven't looked recently because of family responsibilities or classes, bringing the rate to 5.7%. (00:02:52)
    • 5.7% — U5 unemployment rate · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says U6 adds part-time workers who want full-time work, bringing the current rate to 9.2%. (00:03:06)
    • 9.2% — U6 unemployment rate · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says U3 matches international standards, allowing comparison: a similar measure puts Brazil at 12%, Germany at 4.1% and Spain at 19%. (00:03:18)
    • 12% — unemployment rate (U3-like measure) · in Brazil · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 4.1% — unemployment rate (U3-like measure) · in Germany · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 19% — unemployment rate (U3-like measure) · in Spain · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says U6 shows labor-market slack; the U3-U6 gap is slightly higher than before the 2009 recession, suggesting there may be more room for job growth than U3 implies. — hedged: “may be” (00:03:32)
    • slightly higher than it was before the 2009 recession — gap between the U3 and U6 unemployment rates compared with before the 2009 recession · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says '10% at the recession's height, still 9.2% now' mixes measures: if it is 9.2% now it was 17% then; if it was 10% then, it is 4.7% now. (00:04:04)
    • 10% — U3 unemployment rate at the height of the recession · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 17% — U6 unemployment rate at the height of the recession · in United States · as of 2017-01-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 9.2% — U6 unemployment rate, current · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
    • 4.7% — U3 unemployment rate, current · in United States · as of 2016-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says by either measure US unemployment is below its average since World War II but still somewhat above full employment. (00:04:17)
  • 2017-01-10 · What Is the Real Unemployment Rate? — John says median household incomes are likely still lower than in 2007, though final 2016 data are not yet available. — hedged: “likely” (00:04:35)
    • still lower than they were in 2007 — median household income compared with 2007 · for households · in United States · as of 2016 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-28 · Why You Haven't Started a Business — Hank's Twitter survey of his followers found 15% of those over 18 had already started a business, 55% had considered it, and only 11% were not at all interested. (00:00:00)
    • 15% — share who had already started a business · for Hank's Twitter followers over 18 who answered · as of 2017 · source: Hank's Twitter survey · unchecked
    • 55% — share who had considered starting a business · for Hank's Twitter followers who answered · as of 2017 · source: Hank's Twitter survey · unchecked
    • 11% — share not at all interested in starting their own business · for Hank's Twitter followers who answered · as of 2017 · source: Hank's Twitter survey · unchecked
  • 2017-07-28 · Why You Haven't Started a Business — The description says small business is extremely important: it helps even out inequality, ties communities together and employs over half of working Americans. (video description)
    • over half (share) — share of working Americans employed by small business · for working Americans · in United States · as of 2017-07-28 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-28 · Why You Haven't Started a Business — Hank says small businesses hire faster than large ones and employ more people per dollar they make. (video description)
  • 2017-07-28 · Why You Haven't Started a Business — Hank says the rate at which Americans, and young people in particular, start small businesses is dropping fast. (00:00:18)
  • 2017-07-28 · Why You Haven't Started a Business — Asked for their number one reason for not starting a business, about half said personal choice and about half something structural, the biggest being access to capital. (00:01:14)
    • about half (share) — share giving personal choice as the number one reason for not starting a business · for people asked · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • about half (share) — share giving a structural reason as the number one reason for not starting a business · for people asked · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-28 · Why You Haven't Started a Business — Hank says community banks are just 13% of the banking sector but still make 43% of small business loans. (00:01:49)
    • 13% — community banks' share of the banking sector · for community banks · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 43% — community banks' share of small business loans · for community banks · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-28 · Why You Haven't Started a Business — Hank says wealth in the middle class has actually decreased, so people willing to work hard on a new thing may lack the money. (00:02:36)
  • 2017-09-15 · My Butt Has Some Complaints About Australia — At home people don't notice the 20% or 40% premium they pay for nicer toilet paper. (00:03:35)
    • 20% (percent) — price premium of nicer toilet paper · for household buyers · as of 2017-09-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 40% (percent) — price premium of nicer toilet paper · for household buyers · as of 2017-09-15 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-22 · How to Invest (and other money questions with The Financial Diet) — a guest: Part of a credit score depends on credit utilization, which paying in full lowers, but missing a payment hurts the score much more than higher utilization. (00:00:34)
  • 2017-09-22 · How to Invest (and other money questions with The Financial Diet) — a guest: A guest warns there is very little regulation of who can advise you with your money, so advisers may give bad or unqualified advice. (00:01:21)
  • 2017-09-22 · How to Invest (and other money questions with The Financial Diet) — a guest: Racking up card debt because it disappears at death ignores the years before then: unpaid bills have effects almost immediately. (00:02:24)
  • 2017-09-22 · How to Invest (and other money questions with The Financial Diet) — a guest: Jean prices depend on the kind; jeans began as workman's clothes, are very durable, and a good pair lasts five years. (00:03:21)
    • five years — wearable life of a good pair of jeans · for jeans · as of 2017-09-22 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked

Nerdfighteria (19)

Everyday life (16)

  • 2017-01-13 · Top 10 Best Dogs Ever — Hank says Stubby, an Allied dog in World War I, learned to smell chemical weapons and warn soldiers, was wounded twice, served in 17 battles and caught a German spy, earning promotion to sergeant. (00:00:23)
    • 17 (battles) — battles Stubby served in · for Stubby · as of 2017-01-13 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • twice (times) — times Stubby was wounded · for Stubby · as of 2017-01-13 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-13 · Top 10 Best Dogs Ever — Hank says Lily, a pit bull, pulled her unconscious owner off railroad tracks ahead of a freight train; the train hit Lily, who lost a leg but survived. (00:00:50)
  • 2017-01-13 · Top 10 Best Dogs Ever — Hank describes a video of a dog dragging another dog, hit by a car, off an interstate; he does not show it because it is graphic and terrifying. (00:01:07)
  • 2017-01-13 · Top 10 Best Dogs Ever — Hank says 1950s Russian scientists collected Moscow stray dogs as used to extreme conditions; one, Laika, became the first animal to orbit Earth and the first to die in orbit. (00:01:40)
    • 1950s — decade Russian scientists collected Moscow stray dogs for spaceflight · for stray dogs · in Moscow · as of 1950s · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-13 · Top 10 Best Dogs Ever — Hank adds that the first animal to go to space was a fruit fly. (00:02:03)
  • 2017-01-13 · Top 10 Best Dogs Ever — Hank says Bummer and Lazarus survived mid-1800s San Francisco, where stray dogs outnumbered people, and became nationally famous for their companionship and rat-killing, exempted from local laws and drawn in cartoons. (00:02:16)
    • stray dogs outnumbered people — stray dogs relative to people · for stray dogs · in San Francisco · as of mid-1800s · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-01-24 · On Motivation — John says neither Walt Disney nor Sir Edmund Hillary ever said the quotes so often attributed to them. (00:01:07)
  • 2017-05-26 · Some Rough Advice for the "Real World" — Hank says careers, job interviews, diplomas and jobs are not normal human things we are designed for but brand-new cultural constructions that didn't exist about 300 years ago. — hedged: “like” (00:01:46)
    • 300 (years) — age of careers, diplomas and job interviews as cultural constructions · for humans · as of 2017-05-26 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-09 · Some Unhealthy Productivity Tips (and some Healthy ones) — Hank says the microscope he bought costs around $70 on Amazon, and that he links it with a referral link that earns him a percentage. (video description)
    • 70 (USD) — approximate price on Amazon of the microscope Hank bought · for microscope · as of 2017-06-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-09 · Some Unhealthy Productivity Tips (and some Healthy ones) — Hank says his tree has every ladybug stage at once: eggs, eggs hatching into tiny larvae, and much bigger larvae that grow as they eat more aphids. (00:01:15)
  • 2017-07-07 · My Earthquake Story - (And Thoughts About Numbers) — Hank says the 2010 magnitude 7 Haiti earthquake killed hundreds of thousands, while the 20 stronger earthquakes that year killed fewer than a thousand combined. (00:00:44)
    • 7 — earthquake magnitude · for 2010 Haiti earthquake · in Haiti · as of 2010 · no source named · unchecked
    • hundreds of thousands (people) — deaths · for 2010 Haiti earthquake · in Haiti · as of 2010 · no source named · unchecked
    • 20 (earthquakes) — earthquakes stronger than the Haiti earthquake · for earthquakes in 2010 · in the world · as of 2010 · no source named · unchecked
    • less than a thousand (people) — combined death toll · for the 20 stronger earthquakes of 2010 · in the world · as of 2010 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-07-07 · My Earthquake Story - (And Thoughts About Numbers) — The Haiti earthquake was so destructive because it was centred near several large population centres and, Haiti being so poor, badly built buildings collapsed. (00:01:02)
  • 2017-08-11 · Life is not a Job Training Program — Hank says tuition at Eckerd is now $42,000 a year, but 97% of students get financial aid. (00:02:30)
    • $42,000 a year (USD/year) — annual tuition · for students · in Eckerd College · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 97% (percent) — share of students receiving financial aid · for students · in Eckerd College · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-20 · Places Made of People: Thoughts from My Old High School — Hank says the school is massive: in his day three grades and 2,000 people, now over 4,000, with labyrinthine hallways and no distinguishing features. (00:01:06)
    • 2,000 (people) — enrollment · for students at Winter Park High School, three grades, in Hank's time · as of 2017-10-20 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • over 4,000 (people) — enrollment · for students at Winter Park High School · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-27 · The Secret to my Productivity — Hank says the last 20% of getting to what he thinks is best is about 90% of the work, which is why he releases at 80%. — hedged: “like” (00:02:14)
    • 90% (percent) — share of the total work spent on the last 20% of getting a creative work to its best · for creative projects · as of 2017-10-27 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-02 · Hank Reviews Everything — Hank says orange traffic cones can survive vehicle impacts above 65 miles per hour and still be usable, yet cost less than a gin and tonic in Manhattan. (00:00:59)
    • 65 miles per hour (mph) — vehicle impact speed a traffic cone survives and stays usable · for orange traffic cones · as of 2017-11-02 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked

Internet & YouTube (10)

  • 2017-04-21 · The Adpocalypse: What it Means — Hank says YouTube has shared revenue with creators for 10 years while Facebook has not, building an ecosystem of creators who earn some money without much headache. (00:00:39)
    • 10 years — duration of YouTube's revenue sharing with content creators · for content creators on YouTube · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-04-21 · The Adpocalypse: What it Means — Hank says each ad played on a YouTube video pays the creator about ten times less than the same ad on TV. — hedged: “like” (00:00:53)
    • ten times less — creator pay per ad on YouTube relative to TV · for YouTube creators · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-04-21 · The Adpocalypse: What it Means — Hank says YouTube shows about five times fewer ads per minute watched, so the average channel earns about 50 times less per minute of viewership than a TV channel. — hedged: “like” (00:01:00)
    • five times fewer — ads per minute of content watched on YouTube relative to TV · for YouTube viewers · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • 50 times less — revenue per minute of viewership, average YouTube channel relative to average TV channel · for YouTube channels · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-04-21 · The Adpocalypse: What it Means — Hank says ads are YouTube's whole business, worth billions of dollars, but precarious. (00:01:24)
    • billions of dollars (USD) — size of YouTube's advertising business · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-04-21 · The Adpocalypse: What it Means — Hank says that after articles a few weeks ago showed major brands advertised on vile YouTube videos, many advertisers pulled all their ads, and every YouTuber's revenue fell. (00:01:45)
  • 2017-04-21 · The Adpocalypse: What it Means — Hank says YouTube sorts content into buckets: hand-picked channels like Crash Course sold as safe and expensive, an algorithmic no-ads bucket, and a confusing middle no one understands. (00:02:09)
  • 2017-04-21 · The Adpocalypse: What it Means — Hank says that afterwards all the algorithms tightened: some channels rebounded but many fell further, squeezing creators of good but not super-happy-family-fun content. (00:02:29)
  • 2017-05-30 · What Should We Keep? — Via the Internet Archive John sees the Vlogbrothers channel at the end of 2007 (237 videos, 9,000 subscribers) and in July 2009 (90,000 subscribers), but finds holes. (00:02:40)
    • 237 (videos) — videos made on the Vlogbrothers channel · for Vlogbrothers channel · as of 2007-12 · no source named · unchecked
    • 9,000 (subscribers) — Vlogbrothers channel subscribers · for Vlogbrothers channel · as of 2007-12 · no source named · unchecked
    • 90,000 (subscribers) — Vlogbrothers channel subscribers · for Vlogbrothers channel · as of 2009-07 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-19 · History Is Happening — As John records, the 11th Project for Awesome has raised almost two million dollars for charity. (00:01:24)
    • almost two million dollars (USD) — money raised for charity by the Project for Awesome 2017 · for Project for Awesome 2017 · as of 2017-12 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-19 · History Is Happening — John says unequal access to health care and education is not permanent: we have seen dramatic reductions around the world. (00:02:44)

Personal life (10)

  • 2017-02-10 · Valentines Candy Taste Test with Hank and Katherine — Hank says Hershey's Kisses got their shape from being drops of chocolate, but truffle kisses are manufactured in that shape so something can go inside. (00:02:18)
  • 2017-04-07 · Squeezing Strangers' Bikes in Amsterdam! — Hank finds row houses with hooks used to lift things up, because the houses are too narrow to carry them up. (00:01:50)
  • 2017-08-08 · What You Make of It: Thoughts from Venice, Italy — John says Venice is crowded but not with residents: its population has shrunk by more than half in the last forty years, and more people lived there a thousand years ago than today. (00:00:35)
    • more than half (share) — decline in Venice's resident population over the last forty years · for residents · in Venice · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
    • a thousand years ago — time when Venice had more residents than today · for residents · in Venice · as of 2017-08-08 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-08 · What You Make of It: Thoughts from Venice, Italy — John says that in the 18th century Venice had more than 8,000 gondolas as its main transport; today there are about 400, used almost only by tourists. (00:00:59)
    • more than eight thousand (gondolas) — number of gondolas · in Venice · as of 18th · no source named · unchecked
    • about four hundred (gondolas) — number of gondolas · in Venice · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-08 · What You Make of It: Thoughts from Venice, Italy — John says the Piazza San Marco has been a gathering place for humans for nearly a millennium. (00:02:47)
    • nearly a millennium (years) — time the Piazza San Marco has been a gathering place · in Venice · as of 2017-08-08 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-09 · The New Zealand Five Cent Coin — John believes the New Zealand five-cent piece is the only coin ever minted featuring a tuatara. — hedged: “I believe” (00:00:29)
  • 2017-11-09 · The New Zealand Five Cent Coin — John shows a 1972 coin and says New Zealand minted five-cent pieces until 2006, then stopped. (00:00:34)
    • 2006 (year) — last year New Zealand minted five-cent coins · in New Zealand · as of 2017-11-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-09 · The New Zealand Five Cent Coin — John says it costs more than five cents per coin to mint five-cent coins. (00:00:46)
    • more than five cents — cost to mint one five-cent coin · in New Zealand · as of 2017-11-09 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-26 · LEAVE IT IN 2017 — Social media feeds don't make you happier or better informed because they aren't trying to: algorithms are designed to maximize time on site and ad impressions, and do it very well. (00:01:13)
  • 2017-12-26 · LEAVE IT IN 2017 — AFC Wimbledon is currently in the League One relegation zone. (00:01:55)

Pop culture (10)

  • 2017-05-10 · Seeing Myself Through a Cat's Eyes — Hank acknowledges not everyone has or can get YouTube Red: there is a free trial, but it is only in some countries and costs 10 dollars a month. (00:01:29)
    • 10 bucks a month (USD) — YouTube Red subscription price · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-10 · Seeing Myself Through a Cat's Eyes — Hank says the film is really good and has about 97% on Rotten Tomatoes. — hedged: “like” (00:01:48)
    • 97% — Rotten Tomatoes score of Kedi · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-05-10 · Seeing Myself Through a Cat's Eyes — Hank says the film is about street cats in Istanbul, which are cared for by the city's humans but not owned by any one person. (00:01:54)
  • 2017-05-16 · The Introducer, My Childhood Dream Job — John notes Kedi is currently only available by purchase or on YouTube Red, which makes it inaccessible to many viewers. (00:02:56)
  • 2017-06-23 · Reviewing Musicals from their Wikipedia Pages — Hank is delighted to discover a Superman musical from 1966, It's a Bird... It's a Plane... It's Superman, and asks why nobody told him. (00:01:38)
    • 1966 (year) — year of the musical · for Superman musical · as of 2017-06-23 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-23 · Reviewing Musicals from their Wikipedia Pages — After puzzling over the spelling of The Cocoanuts, Hank reads that its more famous film adaptation came out in 1929 and finds only the preview. (00:02:17)
    • 1929 (year) — release year of the film adaptation · for The Cocoanuts · as of 2017-06-23 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-29 · What's This Video About? — Aluminium cans are very fragile but have high tensile strength, so the pressure inside inflates them and makes them strong; without it they are weak and floppy. (00:00:09)
  • 2017-09-29 · What's This Video About? — It is the day after the 30th anniversary of Star Trek: The Next Generation. (00:01:07)
    • 30th (years) — anniversary of Star Trek: The Next Generation · as of 2017-09-28 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-09-29 · What's This Video About? — Michael Piller was TNG's showrunner from the third season to the end, sharing the job with Jeri Taylor in the last years, writing episodes and managing the writing room. (00:01:24)
  • 2017-09-29 · What's This Video About? — In an interview Piller recalled pitching Gene Roddenberry an adventurous chase across the universe; Roddenberry asked what it was about, and they could only repeat the plot. (00:01:43)

Books & writing (9)

  • 2017-04-14 · ★★★★ Review: The TFiOS Bench - Amsterdam — Hank finds the Fault in Our Stars bench on Google Maps with 75 reviews and an average rating of 4.3, as good as the Van Gogh Museum. (00:00:54)
    • 75 (reviews) — number of Google Maps reviews of the TFiOS bench · in Amsterdam · as of 2017-04-14 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 4.3 (average rating) — average Google Maps rating of the TFiOS bench · in Amsterdam · as of 2017-04-14 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-27 · UNBOXING — Turtles All the Way Down will have a first printing of about 1.5 million copies, too many to sign. — hedged: “like” (00:00:58)
    • 1.5 million (copies) — first printing · for Turtles All the Way Down · as of 2017-06-27 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-27 · UNBOXING — Every book has an ISBN; they used to be 10 digits and are now 13. (00:01:31)
    • 10 (digits) — length of an ISBN (formerly) · for ISBNs · as of 2017-06-27 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 13 (digits) — length of an ISBN (now) · for ISBNs · as of 2017-06-27 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-06-27 · UNBOXING — Each publisher has its own ISBN prefix: 0-06 is HarperCollins, 0-316 Little, Brown, and 1-224 the University of Chicago Press. (00:01:45)
    • 0-06 — ISBN publisher prefix · for HarperCollins · as of 2017-06-27 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 0-316 — ISBN publisher prefix · for Little, Brown · as of 2017-06-27 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • 1-224 — ISBN publisher prefix · for University of Chicago Press · as of 2017-06-27 (implied: upload date) · no source named · doubtful
  • 2017-07-11 · Signing 200,000 Autographs — Asked whether his signature is worth negative four dollars on Amazon, John thinks it is negative three: the signed edition is currently cheaper there than the unsigned one. — hedged: “I actually think” (00:00:34)
    • negative three dollars (USD) — price of the signed edition relative to the unsigned edition · for Turtles All the Way Down on Amazon · as of 2017-07-11 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-03 · Let's Talk about Books — The King Is Always Above the People is a finalist for the National Book Award. (00:01:06)
  • 2017-10-03 · Let's Talk about Books — Dadaab refugee camp was once home to over 500,000 people. (00:02:27)
    • over 500,000 (people) — residents of Dadaab refugee camp at its peak · for refugees · in Dadaab refugee camp · as of 2017-10-03 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-10-10 · Turtles All the Way Down!!! A Reunion Video — Hank, looking it up while John frets, says 138,000 people in the United States are named Caroline. (00:00:44)
    • 138,000 (people) — number of people named Caroline · for people named Caroline · in United States · as of 2017-10-10 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-12-05 · On the Movies — John thanks everyone who has made Turtles All the Way Down a No. 1 New York Times bestseller for seven weeks straight. (00:03:28)
    • 7 weeks — consecutive weeks as No. 1 New York Times bestseller · for Turtles All the Way Down · as of 2017-12-05 · source: The New York Times · unchecked

Philosophy & meaning (6)

  • 2017-02-21 · Does Human Life Have Real Meaning? — John says Indianapolis is a city of a million people. (00:02:15)
    • a million people — city population · for residents · in Indianapolis · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-04-11 · Making the World's Largest Ball of Paint — The world's largest ball of paint, in Alexandria, Indiana, began in 1977 when Mike Carmichael painted a baseball with his three-year-old son. (00:00:23)
    • 1977 (year) — year the world's largest ball of paint was begun · in Alexandria, Indiana · as of 2017-04-11 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-04-11 · Making the World's Largest Ball of Paint — After neighbours, friends and then strangers joined in, the ball has more than 25,000 layers after 40 years, weighs two and a half tons, has its own house, and draws over a thousand painters a year for free. (00:00:38)
    • 40 years — time the ball of paint has been painted · in Alexandria, Indiana · as of 2017-04-11 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • more than 25,000 (layers) — layers of paint on the world's largest ball of paint · in Alexandria, Indiana · as of 2017-04-11 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • two and a half tons — weight of the world's largest ball of paint · in Alexandria, Indiana · as of 2017-04-11 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • more than a thousand (strangers per year) — strangers who come each year to add paint to the ball · for visitors · in Alexandria, Indiana · as of 2017-04-11 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-08-25 · Trust and Fire - Thoughts from the Smoke — Hank says Monday's eclipse was known exactly decades in advance, leaving time to make eclipse glasses and send them to gas stations nationwide. (00:00:31)
    • decades — advance notice of the eclipse's timing · for United States · as of 2017 · no source named · unchecked
  • 2017-11-03 · Because We're Here — John relates Amy's account that in World War I British soldiers, not understanding why they had to fight and die for tiny patches of ground, sang 'We're here because we're here' to Auld Lang Syne. (00:01:37)
  • 2017-12-29 · Can You Ever Really Change? — Hank explains that the Myers-Briggs test puts you into one of two groups in each of four categories: introvert/extrovert, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, judging/perceiving. (00:00:07)
    • two (groups) — groups per category · for Myers-Briggs personality test · as of 2017-12-29 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked
    • four (categories) — categories · for Myers-Briggs personality test · as of 2017-12-29 (implied: upload date) · no source named · unchecked